1. What is Spine Arthritis?

Spine arthritis, also known as spondylosis or degenerative arthritis of the spine, is a condition where the joints and discs in the spine gradually wear down over time. This can lead to stiffness, pain, and sometimes nerve compression, affecting mobility and quality of life. Spine arthritis most commonly affects the cervical (neck) and lumbar (lower back) regions.

2. Causes

Spine arthritis develops due to several factors, including:

• Aging: Natural wear and tear on spinal joints and discs

• Disc Degeneration: Loss of disc height increases stress on facet joints

• Genetics: Family history may predispose individuals to early joint degeneration

• Previous Injury: Trauma to the spine can accelerate arthritis

• Lifestyle Factors: Obesity, poor posture, and repetitive strain can worsen joint wear

3. Symptoms

Common symptoms of spine arthritis include:

• Chronic neck or back pain

• Stiffness, especially after periods of inactivity

• Pain radiating to the arms or legs if nerve roots are compressed

• Numbness, tingling, or weakness in extremities

• Reduced flexibility and range of motion in the spine

4. Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on:

• Medical History & Physical Examination: Identifying patterns of pain, stiffness, and neurological symptoms

• Imaging Studies: X-rays, MRI, or CT scans to evaluate joint degeneration and nerve involvement

5. Treatments

Treatment for spine arthritis typically begins conservatively, with surgical options considered for persistent or severe symptoms:

Non-Surgical Options:

• Physical therapy to strengthen supporting muscles and improve spinal flexibility

• Anti-inflammatory medications or pain relievers

• Lifestyle modifications including weight management, posture correction, and ergonomic adjustments

• Activity modification to reduce stress on affected joints

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery Options:
For patients with persistent pain, nerve compression, or reduced mobility, minimally invasive spine surgery can be an effective solution. Procedures such as minimally invasive laminectomy, endoscopic decompression procedures, or minimally invasive spinal fusion allow surgeons to relieve nerve pressure, stabilize the spine when indicated, and restore function with smaller incisions, less tissue disruption, and faster recovery compared to traditional open surgery.

Other Surgical Options:

• Traditional open decompression or spinal fusion for severe nerve compression or instability